Microcontroller Interfacing
None of this is specific to a particular microcontroller or family of microcontrollers; it applies equally well to PICs or AVRs or 8051s or any other processor. Check the datasheet of your part to be sure, though, especially for things like how much current an I/O pin can drive….
The opamp is configured as a non-inverting amplifier, with a gain of (1 + 2k/1k) = 3. This means that as the input Vmeasured goes from 0 V to 1.7 V, the output goes from 0 V to 3×1.7 = 5 V. Any gain of less than a hundred is easily achieved with this circuit.